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Summary
Most people know the stretch of life that feels like walking in the dark, where nothing yields a way out, until at some point light appears and the way out becomes visible.
In the Dhamma, the arising of light — ālokо udapādi — is the final and most important stage, and it bears directly on realising the four noble truths.
In the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta the Buddha describes the realisation in five stages: cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, ālokо udapādi.
That is: the eye arose, knowledge arose, wisdom arose, true knowing arose, light arose.
The session works through each term, why light comes last, and how the whole sequence relates to the four noble truths, with everyday examples.
Key points
The five terms are in the first sermon
Not a later gloss, but the wording of the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta itself.
The order carries meaning
From eye to knowledge to wisdom to true knowing, and only then to light.
Āloka comes last
Light does not lead; it follows once seeing, knowing and understanding are complete.
All five bear on the four noble truths
It is an account of how realisation happens, not a list of vocabulary.
Ordinary experience makes it legible
The image of walking out of darkness makes the structure much easier to hold.